A large literature has highlighted the extent to which significant levels of cognitive impairment are found among chronic substance users ( Bolla, Funderburk, & Cadet, 2000 DiSclafani, Tolou-Shams, Price, & Fein, 2002 Fals-Stewart & Bates, 2003 Goldstein & Volkow, 2002 Gottschalk, Beauvais, Hart, & Kosten, 2001 Tomasi et al., 2007 Tucker et al., 2004). There is now extensive and compelling evidence of the role of cognition (memory, learning, attention, and cognitive control) in the development and maintenance of addiction ( Goldstein & Volkow, 2002). Multiple lines of evidence point to the potential importance of assessing and addressing cognitive functioning in the treatment of substance use disorders.
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